美國NETP2010～『Transforming American Education:Learning Powered by Technology』

      自己看了一陣子，也順便交作業地整理大綱『Transforming American Education:Learning Powered by Technology』（網站 、PDF ）。

      美國國家教育科技計畫（NETP）展現一個以科技提昇學習的模型，從五個面向加以探討：學習、評量、教學、基礎建設與生產力～我們已進一步了解人類如何學習，科技將幫助我們善用這些知識與理解。

      以下將五個面向的目標分別檢譯，也附上建議原文（還要繼續整理...）：

＊Learning: Engage and Empower
學習：投入與賦能

All learners will have engaging and empowering learning experiences both in and out of   school that prepare them to be active, creative, knowledgeable, and ethical participants in  our globally networked society.

所有的學習者無論在校內或校外，將獲得投入與賦能的學習經驗，讓他們成為全球網絡社會中，主動地、有創造力的、具備知識與道德參與者。

1.1 States should continue to revise, create, and implement standards and learning objectives  using technology for all content areas that reflect 21st-century expertise and the power of  technology to improve learning.
1.2 States, districts, and others should develop and implement learning resources that use  technology to embody design principles from the learning sciences.
1.3 States, districts, and others should develop and implement learning resources that exploit the  flexibility and power of technology to reach all learners anytime and anywhere.
1.4 Use advances in learning sciences and technology to enhance STEM (science, technology,  engineering, and mathematics) learning and develop, adopt, and evaluate new methodologies  with the potential to inspire and enable all learners to excel in STEM.

＊Assessment: Measure What Matters
評量，測量相關事項

Our education system at all levels will leverage the power of technology to measure what  matters and use assessment data for continuous improvement.

我們的各級教育系統將利用科技力量來量測學習相關事項，並利用評量資料作為持續改進的參考。

2.1 States, districts, and others should design, develop, and implement assessments that  give students, educators, and other stakeholders timely and actionable feedback about  student learning to improve achievement and instructional practices.
2.2 Build the capacity of educators, education institutions, and developers to use technology  to improve assessment materials and processes for both formative and summative uses.
2.3 Conduct research and development that explores how embedded assessment  technologies, such as simulations, collaboration environments, virtual worlds, games, and  cognitive tutors, can be used to engage and motivate learners while assessing complex skills.
2.4 Conduct research and development that explores how Universal Design for Learning can  enable the best accommodations for all students to ensure we are assessing what we intend to  measure rather than extraneous abilities a student needs to respond to the assessment task.
2.5 Revise practices, policies, and regulations to ensure privacy and information protection  while enabling a model of assessment that includes ongoing gathering and sharing of data  on student learning for continuous improvement.

＊Teaching: Prepare and Connect
教學：準備與連結
Professional educators will be supported individually and in teams by technology that  connects them to data, content, resources, expertise, and learning experiences that enable  and inspire more effective teaching for all learners.

個人或團隊的專業教育工作者將獲得科技支持，以連結資料、內容、資源、專業與學習體驗，為學習者提供更具效能與鼓舞的教學
3.1 Expand opportunities for educators to have access to technology-based content,  resources, and tools where and when they need them.
3.2 Leverage social networking technologies and platforms to create communities of practice  that provide career-long personal learning opportunities for educators within and across  schools, preservice preparation and in-service education institutions, and professional  organizations.
3.3 Use technology to provide all learners with online access to effective teaching and better  learning opportunities and options especially in places where they are not otherwise available.
3.4 Provide preservice and in-service educators with professional learning experiences  powered by technology to increase their digital literacy and enable them to create compelling  assignments for students that improve learning, assessment, and instructional practices.
3.5 Develop a teaching force skilled in online instruction.

＊Infrastructure: Access and Enable

基礎建設：存取與促能

All students and educators will have access to a comprehensive infrastructure for learning  when and where they need it.

所有學生與老師在學習需要時，都能在基礎建設穩定下存取相關資源
4.1 Ensure students and educators have broadband access to the Internet and adequate  wireless connectivity both in and out of school.
4.2 Ensure that every student and educator has at least one Internet access device and  appropriate software and resources for research, communication, multimedia content  creation, and collaboration for use in and out of school.
4.3 Support the development and use of open educational resources to promote innovative  and creative opportunities for all learners and accelerate the development and adoption of  new open technology-based learning tools and courses.
4.4 Build state and local education agency capacity for evolving an infrastructure for learning.
4.5 Develop and use interoperability standards for content and student-learning data to  enable collecting and sharing resources and collecting, sharing, and analyzing data to  improve decision making at all levels of our education system.
4.6 Develop and use interoperability standards for financial data to enable data-driven  decision making, productivity advances, and continuous improvement at all levels of our  education system.


＊Productivity: Redesign and Transform

生產力：再設計與轉化

Our education system at all levels will redesign processes and structures to take advantage  of the power of technology to improve learning outcomes while making more efficient use of  time, money, and staff.

各級教育系統將重新設計流程與結構，以獲得科技可以提昇學習之力量的好處：更省錢省時與人力。
5.1 Develop and adopt a common definition of productivity in education and more relevant  and meaningful measures of outcomes, along with improved policies and technologies for  managing costs, including those for procurement.
5.2 Rethink basic assumptions in our education system that inhibit leveraging technology  to improve learning, starting with our current practice of organizing student and educator  learning around seat time instead of the demonstration of competencies.
5.3 Develop useful metrics for the educational use of technology in states and districts.
5.4 Design, implement, and evaluate technology-powered programs and interventions to  ensure that students progress seamlessly through our P–16 education system and emerge  prepared for college and careers.

      這張圖是整個模型的概念：