PBL 10 駭技(Hacks)~Hacking Project Based Learning: 10 Easy Steps to PBL and Inquiry in the Classroom

      替代「深澳港自由行」而玩三天西邊南北趴趴走,回到家還是想先整理「Hacking Project Based Learning: 10 Easy Steps to PBL and Inquiry in the Classroom」,我把「Hack」在書中的味道譯成「駭技」,希望如作者所言~PBL可能混亂、複雜、徹底可怕,但若能正確完成,對學生而言,PBL和探究是具有挑戰性、鼓舞人心和有趣的。更重要的是~PBL若做得正確,它實際上將使老師的工作更容易。

      首先針對章節架構說明:

      10個駭技(Hack )各解決一個問題(Problem),接著提出「您明天可以馬上做(WHAT YOU CAN DO TOMORROW)」,再針對面對的「挑戰阻力(OVERCOMING PUSHBACK)」,提供逐步(Step by Step)進行的「駭技行動(THE HACK IN ACTION)」,以下整理問題與駭技:

Hack 1: Develop a Space That Promotes Risk-Taking
Establish a culture of inquiry and creativity
THE PROBLEM: SCHOOLS KILL CREATIVITY

問題1:學校扼殺創造力
駭技1:開發一個促進冒險的空間~建立探究和創造力的文化

Hack 2: Teach Collaboration Skills
Harness dissonance to enhance learning
THE PROBLEM: STUDENTS DO NOT KNOW HOW TO COLLABORATE

問題2:學生不知道如何協作
駭技2:教導協作技能~利用(束縛)不和諧以提昇學習

Hack 3: Magnify PBL-Worthy Content
Construct High Impact Takeaways
THE PROBLEM: KNOWING WHERE TO FOCUS DURING PROJECT BASED LEARNING

問題3:在PBL中知道聚焦於何處
駭技3:擴大有PBL價值的內容~構建高衝擊性的關鍵焦點(事實、想法)

Hack 4: Create a Vision for Your Project
Turn High Impact Takeaways into a project based plan
THE PROBLEM: PROJECTS VERSUS PROJECT BASED LEARNING


問題4:專題與專題式學習
駭技4:為您的專題創造願景~將高衝擊性的焦點(事實、想法)轉變為專題式計劃

Hack 5: Wrap the Learning in Inquiry
Transform High Impact Takeaways into an Umbrella Question
THE PROBLEM: STUDENTS NEED AN ENGAGING CONTEXT FOR THEIR WORK

問題5:學生需要讓他們投入工作的脈絡
駭技5:將學習包裝於探究中~將高衝擊性的關鍵焦點(事實、想法)轉變為「傘」問題

Hack 6: Shift the Ownership of Assessment
Facilitate a Progress Assessment Tool
THE PROBLEM: ASSESSING PROJECT BASED LEARNING

問題6:評量專題式學習
駭技6:轉變評估的擁有權~促進過程(進展)評量工具

Hack 7: Make Feedback Everyone's Business
Drive student learning with conferencing and feedback
THE PROBLEM: TEACHERS MISS OPPORTUNITIES TO FACILITATE LEARNING THROUGHOUT THE PROJECT

問題7:專題中教師缺乏機會促進學生學習
駭技7:給予每個人的作品(進展)回饋~藉由會議和回饋推動學生學習

Hack 8: Reserve the Right to Mini-Lesson
Integrate direct instruction as necessary
THE PROBLEM: STUDENTS CAN'T THINK CRITICALLY ABOUT NOTHING
問題8:學生不能「無物」而批判思考
駭技8:保留小課程的權利~根據需要來整合直接教學

Hack 9: Guarantee Understanding
Determine the need for summative assessments
THE PROBLEM: A PROGRESS ASSESSMENT TOOL ISN'T ENOUGH
問題9:過程(進展)評量工具不夠全面
駭技9:確保理解~確定總結性評量的需求

Hack 10: Finish Off Your Project in Style
Infuse reflection and publishing
THE PROBLEM: PROJECTS END ABRUPTLY
問題10:專題突然終止
駭技10:合宜地結束專題~注入反思和發表

      本書在介紹中提出PBL「簡單,但不是太簡單(Simple, but not too simple)」,兩位作者從教師到行政主管後,對PBL的熱情有增無減,他們以新的角色花時間與教師和學生相處,期待與他人合作,將這種學習融入他們的教室。本書是他們身為課堂教師和行政者實施PBL的經驗彙編。

      寫作初心和真心不騙是我這幾句話所下的註腳:

      談及寫作初心:他們想寫一本書,真正解釋PBL是什麼,十個駭技,代表一個簡單的線性路徑,讓教育工作者和學生可以依循達致成功。
      也有真心不騙:我們不會說謊,PBL是凌亂的。然而,我們可以承諾的是,我們已經做了一切,我們努力整理這種混亂,使PBL盡可能平易近人。最後提醒~PBL不可能一夜之間發生,但如果你不開始,它肯定不會發生。

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